Please consider enabling it in settings or using a modern browser. Born on 4th January in the small hamlet of Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth, Lincolnshire, Isaac Newton would go on to become one of the most influential scientists of all time.
In his lifetime, he also excelled as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian, and author. Although best recognised for discovering and proving the existence of gravity, Isaac Newton developed the three laws of motion, which for the basic principles of modern physics.
After being knighted by Queen Anne in To this day, Newton remains a revered name and a source of inspiration for many. This not only went to meet his disclosure compromising him with experimental reasoning, but as well left him exposed to the attack — for him something terrible, given his religious beliefs — that he was a mechanist.
The scientist spent 40 years of his life persecuting his colleague Leibniz, in a campaign never before seen in the academic world, in order to destroy him, convinced that he has been robbed by his science companion in his formulation of calculus.
Newton was a detestable person, a bitter man, strange and recluse. The legend says that he only laughed once in his life when they asked him what use he saw in Euclides. This is undoubtedly an exaggeration but is not far off the mark of his real personality. The last of the wizards, though modestly feigned, saying, in truth, to have gotten to where he got by climbing on the shadow of giants who went before him, adored being adulated by his colleagues and, it is believed, persecuted all those who failed to treat him as a unique genius.
He was only extremely patient with a young student, the Swiss mathematician Nicholas Fatio de Duilier, with whom he maintained a torrid correspondence. In reality, the apple may not have inspired his gravitational theory, but it gave other biblical ideas to Sir Isaac. Newton, everything leads us to believe, was a repressed homosexual who fell in love with Fatio in an intense form.
A large part of the letters between the two of them were destroyed by Newton himself to cover up the more revealing parts. Even then, what remains is sufficient to lead to this hypothesis. No matter how it was, after having suddenly stopped corresponding, the physicist suffered a dramatic nervous breakdown. I believe that the reason for this was the refusal of the Swiss gentleman to come to live with him in England.
This would not interest posterity if it had not been the catalyst for the end of Newtonian creativity. He submerged the universe zealously engendered by Newton, but, in the same way as his English colleague from the past, Albert Einstein also rose in the arms of gigantic obscurity. The same cannot be said, however, of his relationships with women who populated his existence. Especially true in his youth, when the genius was very different from that saintly grandfather figure, tongue stuck out, which we are accustomed to seeing.
He performed a seemingly endless series of experiments to prove his theories. Working in his darkened room, he directed white light through a crystal prism on a wall, which separated into the seven colors we now know as the color spectrum red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.
Scientists already knew many of these colors existed, but they believed that the prism itself transformed white light into these colors. But when Newton refracted these same colors back onto another prism, they formed into a white light, proving that white light and sunlight was actually a combination of all the colors of the rainbow. In , Newton published one of the most important scientific books in history, the Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica , commonly known as the Principa.
It was in this work that he first laid out his three laws of motion. So, with this law, Newton helps us explain why a car will stop when it hits a wall, but the human bodies within the car will keep moving at the same, constant speed they had been until the bodies hit an external force, like a dashboard or airbag.
It also explains why an object thrown in space is likely to continue at the same speed on the same path for infinity unless it comes into another object that exerts force to slow it down or change direction.
You can see an example of his second law of acceleration when you ride a bicycle. His third law of action and reaction creates a simple symmetry to the understanding of the world around us: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When you sit in a chair, you are exerting force down upon the chair, but the chair is exerting equal force to keep you upright.
Newton worked out that if the force of gravity pulled the apple from the tree, then it was also possible for gravity to exert its pull on objects much, much further away. Gravity helped keep the planets rotating around the sun and creates the ebbs and flows of rivers and tides.
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